The most common paints used in homes are synthetic. Their use is widespread primarily because they are easy to apply and clean, but they are made with products that can pose health risks (by now, you've probably heard of volatile organic compounds). Eco-friendly paints are a good alternative to synthetic ones now that we are increasingly interested in aspects such as sustainability and well-being when renovating our homes. To find out what eco-friendly paints are, what types of paints are available, and which are best for your home, Arquitectura y Diseño spoke with experts Víctor Vergés and Jade Serra, founders of Slow Studio: a company specializing in bioconstruction with over a decade of experience.
In one sentence, what is an ecological paint?
"An ecological paint is a decorative coating made with natural raw materials, free of toxic compounds and with low environmental impact , guaranteeing a healthy and sustainable indoor environment."
What are the main differences between ecological and synthetic paints?
"Synthetic paints are primarily composed of petrochemical derivatives, containing a high concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other toxic chemicals such as alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEs), which can be harmful to health and the environment. In contrast, eco-friendly paints use natural ingredients such as vegetable oils, resins, clays, or minerals . They are also breathable, toxin-free, and environmentally friendly. While synthetic paints are generally cheaper and quick-drying, eco-friendly paints prioritize sustainability and health."
What impact does using 'eco' paints really have on a home?
“Using eco-friendly paints significantly improves indoor air quality by preventing the emission of VOCs and other toxic compounds, protecting the health of occupants, especially those with allergies or chemical sensitivities. Furthermore, they are breathable, allowing building materials like wood or ceramic to regulate humidity, contributing to a more comfortable and healthy environment . They also reduce environmental impact by avoiding microplastics and petroleum derivatives.”
What are three specific reasons you would recommend using eco-friendly paint when decorating your home?
- Health: Being free of toxins, ecological paints do not emit harmful substances that can affect respiratory health or cause allergies.
- Sustainability: its manufacture uses natural and renewable resources, reducing the ecological footprint by avoiding the consumption of fossil fuels.
- Comfort: They are breathable, which helps regulate ambient humidity and improves interior comfort.
Eco-friendly paints are breathable, which helps regulate ambient humidity and improves indoor comfort. Photo: Salva López / courtesy of Slow Studio.
Roughly speaking, what types of eco-friendly paints are there?
- Vegetable paints: made with vegetable oils (such as linseed or soy) and natural resins, they are ideal for interiors.
- Casein paints: made from milk protein, they are a traditional and eco-friendly option.
- Mineral paints: made with silicates, lime or clay, they are very durable and breathable.
- Lime paints: perfect for exteriors, they are antibacterial and weather resistant.
And among these types of eco-friendly paints you mention, which are the best for decorating the house?
"For interiors, vegetable-based paints (such as linseed oil paints) are excellent for their smoothness and natural finish. For damp areas, such as bathrooms or kitchens, mineral paints are ideal for their resistance and breathability. For exteriors, lime paints offer durability and protection against moisture.".
Sustainable materials are increasingly in demand for renovations. There are many solutions and treatments available, and a sustainable renovation can be expensive—in fact, eco-friendly paints are more expensive than synthetic ones—so are eco-friendly paints essential for a sustainable renovation?
"Yes, eco-friendly paints are a key element in a sustainable renovation. Although their initial price may be higher, their positive impact on health and the environment justifies the investment. Furthermore, their durability and ability to improve indoor air quality make them a cost-effective option in the long run. In a project that prioritizes sustainability and health, choosing materials like eco-friendly paints is essential to reducing the impact and ensuring a healthy space."
